Deep Dive into Commentary on the Book of Psalms by John Calvin - Psalms Introduction

John Calvin’s Commentary on the Psalms is a seminal work that treats the biblical text as a profound "Anatomy of all the Parts of the Soul." Calvin coined this distinctive title because he viewed the Psalms as a mirror reflecting every conceivable human emotion—from grief and fear to hope and joy. Unlike other biblical books that deliver commandments, Calvin argues that the Psalms exhibit the faithful speaking directly to God, laying open their inmost affections and compelling readers to examine their own consciences to purge hypocrisy.

Calvin’s interpretive approach marks a significant departure from the allegorical methods prevalent among earlier Church Fathers. Adopting Melancthon’s principle that Scripture must be understood grammatically before it can be understood theologically, Calvin prioritizes the literal sense and the author's original intent. His background in law contributes to a style characterized by intellectual honesty and logical rigor; he notably refuses to twist passages to support theological dogmas if the text does not naturally support them.

The commentary is deeply experiential, fueled by Calvin’s personal identification with David. Having been forced into public ministry by William Farel’s terrifying imprecation and subsequently facing banishment and internal enemies in Geneva, Calvin utilized his own trials to empathize with the Psalmist’s struggles. This allows him to vividly portray the fluctuations of faith and the discipline of "bearing the cross," teaching believers that affliction is a form of divine training.

The 1845 English edition seeks to revitalize this masterpiece for a modern audience. The editor, J.A., replaces Arthur Golding’s obsolete 1571 translation with a new version that collates the original Latin with Calvin’s own French text. By incorporating the expansions and clarifications found in the French version, the editor ensures that Calvin’s insights into prayer, praise, and the stability of the righteous remain accessible and intellectually vital.

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